few days ago, in the development of the Expo opposition to a cultural rejection by the San Pedro Kultural with leaders of the multinational Nidera that were staying at a hotel in San Pedro, some jumped with typical retrograde Case "are all vague, let them go to work", as if all cultural exposure, whatever it may be, is because those who do not work. This made me remember a book I paid and never returned. Title: The End of Work by Jeremy Rifkin, 1995, whose main theme is the product of technological unemployment tends to automated production lines.
Among the things that touch the book referred to a possible solution to unemployment is the reduction of working hours. At the same we talk about only having 20 per week, which for people that has grown retrograde recognized as the unique culture of work, it will bring problems of acceptance.
Here the extraterritorial the book:
p. 261, 262. The reduction in working hours ... must be the first requirement for freedom
nearly fifty years ago at the dawn of the revolution brought about by computers, the philosopher and psychologist Herbert Marcuse was prophetic observation that has come to haunt our society, while we ponder the transition to the information age: "Automation threatens to make the investment of the relationship between leisure and work, this is , make the time spent at work will become marginal while the time spent at leisure becomes critical. The result would be a radical change in the allocation of values \u200b\u200band a lifestyle incompatible with traditional cultures. Advanced industrial society is in permanent mobilization against this possibility, ".
The academic roots Freud went on to say that "since the length of the workday is one of the main factors of repression imposed by a reality principle on one of pleasure, reduced working hours ... must be the first condition for freedom ".
technological Utopians have discussed the fact that science and technology, properly controlled, could finally liberate human beings from formal work. Nowhere is so entrenched this view as among the defenders of the information revolution. Yoneji Masuda, one of the most important architects of the Japanese revolution of computers, provides a future utopia based on them and in which "free time" replace "the material accumulation" as the important value and goal Chief of the new company . Masuda Marcuse agrees with that, for the first time in history, the revolution brought about computers by opening the door to a radical reorientation of society away from the formal labor tending to personal freedom . Japanese visionary argues that while the Industrial Revolution was mainly concerned about the increase in production, the contribution basic information revolution will be the extension of free time, giving human beings' freedom to determine voluntarily "use their own future.
Masuda sees the transition from material values \u200b\u200bto those based on time as a turning point in the evolution of our species : "The value of time is at a higher plane of human life over material values, becoming the core value of economic activity. And this is because the time value corresponds fully to the satisfaction of human desires and intellectuals, while materials values \u200b\u200bcorrespond to the psychological satisfaction and material desires. "
In both industrialized and developing countries that are developing there are fears that the global economy to go to an automated future . The revolutions in information technology and communications virtually guarantee more mass production with less labor . In one way or another, more free time is the inevitable consequence of business reengineering and technology dismissal. William Green, former president of the AFL, said the issue briefly: "The free time will come," said union leader. "The only choice is: unemployment or leisure" . The
economic historians point out that, in the case of the first two industrial revolutions, the issue of increasing unemployment to a higher level of entertainment was finally boiled over to the latter, though not without strong fighting enters the working class and the management of companies for reasons of productivity and working hours. Significant productivity gains in the first stage of the industrial revolution in the nineteenth century , had their effects on major reductions in working hours, that went from 80 to 60 weekly . Similarly, twentieth century, as industrial economies make the transition from steam-based technologies to those based on oil and electricity, regular increases in productivity led to a further cut in hours worked per week, which went from sixty to forty . At present, about to cross the barrier that will take us to the third stage of the industrial revolution, thanks to gains in productivity resulting from the systematic application of computers and new information systems and telecommunications, more and more analysts suggest it is inevitable that a further reduction in hours worked, 30 even 20 to adapt the demands of the working class to the new productive capacity of capital.
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